Ubume bangoku be-Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles
Ukuphuhliswa kwe-hydrogen fuel cellizithuthi(Ii-FCVs) ikwimeko emaxongo
ngokunyuka kwenkxaso karhulumente kunye nempendulo yemalike edikidiki eyenza isiphithiphithi. Amanyathelo omgaqo-nkqubo akutsha nje anje "Iimbono eziKhokelayo kuMsebenzi waMandla ngo-2025" okhutshwe yiNational Energy Administration yaseTshayina ikhuthaza ukukhuthazwa okuzinzileyo kwezicelo zezithuthi zeeseli zepetroli. Nangona kunjalo, imveliso kunye nedatha yokuthengisa ibalisa ibali elahlukileyo.NgokoMbutho waseChina wabavelisi beemoto, ukuveliswa kunye nokuthengiswa kweeseli ze-fuel yaseChina ngo-20545, ngokulandelelana kwe-5 kunye ne-5. I-10.4% kunye ne-12.6% unyaka nonyaka ngokulandelelanayo Oku kwehla kophula inkqubo yokukhula okuqhubekayo ukususela ngo-2021 kwaye kugxininisa imingeni enzulu ejongene neshishini le-hydrogen fuel cell.
Abaxhasi bobuchwephesha beeseli zamafutha e-hydrogen baphumeza iingenelo zayo, kubandakanywa ukukhutshwa kweqanda elingunothi, ukusebenza kakuhle kokutsha, kunye nokuxinana kwamandla aphezulu. Ezi mpawu zenza ihydrogen ibe yenye indlela ethembisayo kumafutha efosili. Nangona kunjalo, abagxeki babonisa ukuba i-hydrogen inamandla aphantsi okuguqula amandla kwaye ijongene nemingeni emininzi yokuthutha nokugcina i-hydrogen. Oku kuchasana phakathi kwenkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo kunye nokusebenza kweemarike kubonisa ubunzima obukhoyo kwishishini le-hydrogen fuel cell car, ebonisa imfuno yesicwangciso esihlangeneyo sokuvala umsantsa phakathi kwezinto ezintsha kunye nokwamkelwa kwabathengi.
Izicwangciso ezahlukeneyo kunye nophuhliso lwehlabathi
Ukujonga emhlabeni jikelele, ukuphuhliswa kweenqwelo ze-hydrogen kubonisa indlela ecacileyo yokwahlula. Amazwe afana neJamani enze inkqubela ebonakalayo kwaye akha indlela kaloliwe exhaswa ngokupheleleyo yi-hydrogen. IFransi isungule inkqubo yeteksi ye-hydrogen ngokusebenzisana nezigebenga zemoto iHyundai kunye neToyota. Ngeli xesha, i-China isasaze phantse i-30,000 yeemoto ze-hydrogen zeeseli ze-hydrogen kwaye yakha ngaphezulu kwe-500 yezikhululo ze-hydrogen. Ngaphandle kolu kuqhubela phambili, ubungakanani bentengiso kunye nokuthandwa kweemoto ze-hydrogen ze-fuel cell zisanqongophele, kwaye iindleko zabo zinzima ukukhuphisana neenqwelo zombane ze-lithium zebhetri ezikhoyo.
E-China, ii-automakers zithatha amaqhinga ahlukeneyo kakhulu. Iinkampani ezifana ne-SAIC kunye ne-Great Wall Motors zityala imali ekuphuhliseni itekhnoloji ye-hydrogen fuel cell, ngelixa iinkampani ezifana ne-BYD kunye ne-Geely zigxile kubuchwephesha obuxutywe. Oku kwantlukwano kubonisa ukungaqiniseki malunga nekamva leenqwelo ze-hydrogen zeseli ye-fuel cell kunye ne-energy landscape ebanzi. Ukongezelela, imingeni yokugcina i-hydrogen kunye nokuthutha - njengexabiso eliphezulu leetanki eziphezulu zoxinzelelo kunye nokuqina kwamandla okugcinwa kwe-cryogenic liquid hydrogen - kubangela umqobo obalulekileyo wokwamkelwa ngokubanzi. Ukwakhiwa kwemibhobho yokuthutha i-hydrogen nako kufuna utyalo-mali olubalulekileyo, oluthi lunyuse ngakumbi ukubanakho koqoqosho lwezithuthi ze-hydrogen fuel cell.
Biza intsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe kunye notyalo-mali
Izinto eziluncedo ezinokuthi zibekho kwiimoto ze-hydrogen fuel cell zininzi. Banika indlela yokukhusela indalo, ukukhutshwa komphunga wamanzi, okunokunciphisa kakhulu i-greenhouse gases xa kuthelekiswa nezithuthi eziqhelekileyo zamafutha. Oku kuhambelana nokuzibophelela koluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo kunye nokulwa nokutshintsha kwemozulu. Ukongeza, i-hydrogen sisithuthi samandla esisebenza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo esinokuveliswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ezinje nge-electrolysis yamanzi kunye nokuguqulwa kwe-biomass, ngaloo ndlela iphucula ukhuseleko lwamandla kunye nokunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kumafutha efosili.
Uphando oluqhubekayo kunye nophuhliso lobuchwepheshe beeseli ze-hydrogen fuel akukhuthazi nje ukusungula izinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe, kodwa kukwavuselela ukukhula koqoqosho ngokudala imisebenzi emitsha kumashishini anxulumeneyo. Intsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe ibalulekile ekuphuhliseni iteknoloji yamandla e-hydrogen, njengoko amazwe amaninzi ethathe inxaxheba kwiiprojekthi zentsebenziswano ukukhuthaza ukwabelana ngolwazi nezibonelelo. Oorhulumente ehlabathini lonke baphuhlisa imigaqo-nkqubo kunye nemigangatho yokukhuthaza uphuhliso lweshishini lamandla e-hydrogen, ebonelela ngesikhokelo esixabisekileyo ukuze uluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe lulandele.
Njengoko sizama ukwakha uluntu olusekelwe kumandla, onke amazwe kufuneka atyale imali ngendlela eyiyo. Ukuphuhliswa kwezithuthi ze-hydrogen fuel cell linyathelo eliphambili kolu hambo, kodwa lufuna iinzame ezidibeneyo zoorhulumente, amashishini kunye nabathengi. Ngokuhlakulela ulwazi loluntu lwamandla acocekileyo kunye nokuthutha okuzinzileyo, sinokuhlakulela inkcubeko ebeka phambili ukukhuselwa kwendalo kunye nendlela yokuphila ephantsi kwekhabhoni.
Ukuqukumbela, indlela eya kwiimoto ze-hydrogen fuel cell igcwele imiceli mngeni, kodwa namathuba. Ukuzibophelela kwabenzi beemoto baseTshayina kunye nenkxaso yemigaqo-nkqubo yelizwe yinxalenye yolu tshintsho lwemeko. Njengoko sijonga kubunzima benguqu yamandla, masibize onke amazwe ukuba atyale imali kwitekhnoloji ye-hydrogen kwaye sisebenzisane ukufikelela kwikamva elizinzileyo. Sikunye, singavula indlela yoluntu lwamandla acocekileyo, olusebenza ngakumbi oluya kuxhamlisa izizukulwana ezizayo.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-01-2025