Ikamva lemarike yezithuthi zamandla amatsha ehlabathi: uguqulo lokuhamba oluluhlaza oluqala eTshayina

Ngokuchasene nemeko yokutshintsha kwemozulu yehlabathi kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo,izithuthi zamandla amatsha (NEVs)zivela ngokukhawuleza kwaye

ibe yingqwalasela yoorhulumente kunye nabathengi kwihlabathi liphela. Njengoko imarike NEV inkulu ehlabathini, entsha kunye nophuhliso China kule nkalo ayichaphazeli imarike yasekhaya kuphela, kodwa izisa amathuba amatsha kunye nemingeni kwimarike ngamazwe. Eli nqaku liza kuphonononga ubume bangoku, ukusungulwa kobuchwepheshe, amathuba emarike kunye nokubakho kwentsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe yezithuthi zamandla amatsha eTshayina, kujongwe ukutsala ingqalelo engakumbi kubatyali-mali bangaphandle kunye namaqabane.

1. Uphuhliso olukhawulezayo lwemarike yemoto yamandla entsha yaseTshayina

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, imakethi entsha yemoto yaseTshayina iye yakhula kakhulu. Ngokutsho kwe-China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, kwisiqingatha sokuqala se-2023, ukuthengiswa kwemoto entsha yaseChina kwafikelela kwi-3 yezigidi, ukwanda okungaphezulu kwe-50% ngonyaka. Oku kukhula kungenxa yenkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo karhulumente, ukwanda kokuqonda kwabathengi ngokusingqongileyo kunye nenkqubela phambili yethekhinoloji eqhubekayo. Urhulumente waseTshayina ubeke injongo yezithuthi zamandla amatsha ezibalelwa kwi-50% yokuthengiswa kweemoto ezintsha ngo-2035, kwaye lo mgaqo-nkqubo ngokungathandabuzekiyo uye wafaka umfutho oqinileyo kwimarike.

I-2.I-teknoloji entsha ikhokelela kuphuhliso loshishino

Uphuhliso olukhawulezayo lwezithuthi zamandla amatsha e-China alunakwahlulwa ekukhuthazeni ukutsha kwezobuchwepheshe. Itekhnoloji yebhetri ngundoqo wezithuthi zamandla amatsha. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, abavelisi bebhetri baseTshayina baye benza inkqubela phambili enkulu kwimimandla yeebhetri ze-lithium kunye neebhetri eziqinileyo. Ngokomzekelo, iinkampani ezifana ne-CATL kunye ne-BYD zenze impumelelo eqhubekayo kumandla ebhetri kunye nesantya sokutshaja, ukuphucula ukunyamezela kunye namava omsebenzisi wezithuthi zombane. Ukongeza, uphuhliso olukhawulezayo lwetekhnoloji yokuqhuba ekrelekrele lukwabonelele ngamathuba amatsha okusasazwa kwezithuthi zamandla amatsha. Iinkampani ezininzi zaseTshayina ziphuhlisa ngenkuthalo iinkqubo zokuqhuba ezizimeleyo, zizama ukufikelela kukhuseleko oluphezulu kunye nokulula ekuhambeni kwexesha elizayo.

3. Ukuphuculwa kweziseko ezingundoqo zokuhlawulisa

Ukwakhiwa kweziseko ezingundoqo zokutshaja ngundoqo ekwaziseni izithuthi zamandla amatsha. I-China iye yandisa ngokuqhubekayo utyalo-mali kulo mmandla, kwaye i-State Grid kunye noorhulumente basekhaya baye bakhuthaza ngokusebenzayo ukwakhiwa kweemfumba zokutshaja. Ngo-2023, i-China iye yakha ngaphezulu kwe-2 yezigidi zeemfumba zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke, eziquka izixeko ezikhulu kunye noohola bendlela. Le nethiwekhi enkulu yokutshaja ayiboneleli nje ngokulula kubathengi, kodwa ikwabonelela ngokhuseleko lokuhamba umgama omde wezithuthi zamandla amatsha. Ngokuqhubela phambili kobuchwephesha bokutshaja, ixesha lokutshaja kwixesha elizayo liya kucuthwa ngakumbi kwaye namava omsebenzisi aya kuphuculwa kakhulu.

4. Amathuba kunye nemingeni kwiMarike yeHlabathi

Njengoko itekhnoloji entsha yesithuthi samandla eTshayina ikhula kwaye intengiso isanda, ngakumbi nangakumbi iinkampani zaseTshayina ziqala ukujolisa ingqalelo yazo kwintengiso yezizwe ngezizwe. Impumelelo yeebrendi ezaziwayo kumazwe ngamazwe ezifana neTesla kunye neFord kwimarike yaseTshayina ikwakhuthaze inkqubo yokwenziwa kweenkampani zaseTshayina kumazwe ngamazwe. Ngokusebenzisana neenkampani zamanye amazwe, iinkampani zaseTshayina zezithuthi zamandla amatsha zinokufunda kubuchwephesha obuphambili kunye namava olawulo ukukhulisa ukhuphiswano lwazo.

Nangona kunjalo, ukungena kwintengiso yezizwe ngezizwe kukwajongene nemingeni emininzi, kubandakanya nemigangatho yolawulo kumazwe ahlukeneyo, umahluko kwimfuno yentengiso, kunye nokhuphiswano oluqatha. Ukuze ukwazi ukumelana nale mingeni, iinkampani zezithuthi zamandla amatsha zaseTshayina kufuneka zomeleze uphando lwentengiso, ziqonde izinto ezikhethwa ngabathengi kunye nemeko yomgaqo-nkqubo kwiimarike ekujoliswe kuzo, kwaye zenze izicwangciso zentengiso ezihambelanayo.

5. Ikamva elizinzileyo

Izithuthi zamandla amatsha azikho nje ukuguqulwa kwezothutho, kodwa ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yophuhliso oluzinzileyo lwehlabathi. Njengoko oorhulumente behlabathi jikelele bezibophelele ekunciphiseni ukukhutshwa kwezinto ekujoliswe kuzo, imfuno yezithuthi zamandla amatsha iya kuqhubeka ikhula. Njengomvelisi omkhulu wehlabathi wezithuthi zamandla amatsha, iChina izibophelele ekukhuthazeni ikamva lokuhamba okuluhlaza. Ngokwenza izinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe, ukwandiswa kweemarike kunye nentsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe, ishishini elitsha leenqwelo zamandla eTshayina liya kubonelela abathengi behlabathi ngeendlela zokuhamba ezinobungani nokusingqongileyo.

Ngokuchasene nemvelaphi yokwanda kwemarike yezithuthi zamandla amatsha kwihlabathi, abameli borhwebo lwangaphandle baseTshayina bafuna amathuba okusebenzisana namahlakani ehlabathi ukukhuthaza ngokudibeneyo ikamva lokuhamba ngokuluhlaza. Nokuba lutshintshiselwano lobugcisa, ukwandiswa kweemarike, okanye ukwabelana ngezibonelelo, ishishini elitsha leenqwelo zamandla eTshayina lijonge phambili ekusebenzisaneni kunye noogxa behlabathi ukwamkela ngokudibeneyo ingomso elingcono.

Ukuba unomdla kwimarike yemoto yamandla entsha yaseTshayina, nceda uqhagamshelane nathi ukujonga amathuba entsebenziswano ngakumbi! Sijonge phambili ekusebenzeni nawe ukwenza ikamva lokuhamba eliluhlaza.

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