Ingxaki yokuba "ukwaluphala" kuyinto yonke. Ngoku lithuba lecandelo lebhetri.
"Inani elikhulu leebhetri elitsha lezithuthi eziya kubakho iiwaranti zazo kule minyaka isibhozo izayo, kwaye kungxamisekile ukusombulula ingxaki yobomi bebhetri." Kutshanje, i-LI BIN, uSihlalo kunye ne-CEO ye-Nio, uye walumkisa amaxesha amaninzi ukuba ukuba lo mbandela awunakuphathwa kakuhle, iindleko ezinkulu ezizayo ziya kuchithwa ukusombulula iingxaki ezalandelayo.
Kwintengiso yebhetri yamandla, kulo nyaka ngunyaka okhethekileyo. Ngo-2016, ilizwe lam liphumeze umgaqo-nkqubo wewaranti yekhilomitha esi-8 okanye i-12,000 yeekhilomitha zeekhilomitha ze-gooney yemoto entsha yeZithuthi. Kule mihla, iibhetri zezithuthi zamandla amatsha ezithengiweyo kunyaka wokuqala womgaqo-nkqubo zisondela okanye zifikelele kwisiphelo sexesha lewaranti. Idatha ibonisa ukuba kule minyaka isibhozo izayo, zizonke izigidi ezili-19 zamandla ezizigidi zamandla ziya kukhathaza ngokuthe ngcembe.
Kwiinkampani zemoto ezifuna ukwenza ishishini lebhetri, le yindawo yentengiso engaphoswa.
Ngo-1995, imoto yam yamandla ethu yamandla amatsha aqengqeleka kwiNdibano-Ibhasi ecocekileyo yombane ebizwa ngokuba "yuanwang". Kule minyaka ingama-20 idlulileyo ukusukela ngoko, ishishini laseNew Lane lamandla amatsha liphuhlise kancinci.
Kuba ingxolo incinci kakhulu kwaye zisebenza ikakhulu izithuthi, abasebenzisi abakakwazi ukonwabela imigangatho yelizwe elihlanganisiweyo ye-surrantiy yelizwe "yentliziyo" yeZithuthi eziNtsha zeMisebenzi. Amanye amaphondo, izixeko okanye iinkampani zemoto zikwayele imigangatho yamandla yebhetri, uninzi olubonelela ngewaranti ye-5 yekhilomitha okanye i-100,000, kodwa amandla okubophola angomelelanga.
Kwakungekho kude kube ngo-2015 ukuba intengiso yelizwe yam yezithuthi zasekhaya zaqala ngaphezulu kwe-300,000 yamanqaku, ukuba ngumkhosi omtsha ongenakuhoywa. Ukongeza, urhulumente ubonelela ngemigaqo-nkqubo "yokwenene" njengenkxaso-mali entsha yamandla kunye nokuxolelwa kwirhafu yokuthenga ukukhuthaza ukuphuculwa kwamandla amatsha, kunye neenkampani zemoto kunye noluntu ziyasebenza kunye.
Ngo-2016, uMgaqo-nkqubo weSizwe oManyanisiweyo weThebhethi Ixesha lewaranti leminyaka eli-8 okanye i-120,000 yeekhilomitha ubude kuneminyaka emi-3 okanye i-60,000 yeekhilomitha zenjini. Ukuphendula umgaqo-nkqubo kwaye kuqwalaselwe ukwandisa ukuthengisa kwamandla amatsha, ezinye iinkampani zemoto zandise ixesha lewaranti kwiikhilomitha ezingama-240,000 okanye iwaranti yendawo yokuhlala. Oku kulingana nokunika abathengi abafuna ukuthenga izithuthi zamandla amatsha "anokuqinisekiswa".
Ukusukela ngoko, imakethi yamandla amatsha elizwe lam ingene kwinqanaba lokukhula kwesantya kabini, kunye nokuthengisa ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezili-7 zokuqala, ukunyuka kwewamathi ezingama-60, ukunyuka kwama-60 kwiminyaka esileyo.
Ngokudibana, ukusuka kwi-2025 ukuya kwi-2032, inani lezithuthi zamandla amatsha ezikwiintengiso zebhetri eziphelelwe lixesha ziya kwandisa unyaka nonyaka, ukusuka kwi-70,000 yokuqala ukuya kwi-7.33 yezigidi. I-LI Bin ichaze ukuba ukuqala kunyaka olandelayo, abasebenzisi baya kujongana neengxaki ezinje ngebhetri yamandla ngaphandle kwewaranti, "iibhetri zemoto zineendleko eziphezulu zebhetri.
Le phenonon iya kubonakala ngakumbi kwiimfazwe zakwangoko zezithuthi zamandla amatsha. Ngelo xesha, itekhnoloji yebhetri, iinkqubo zokwenza izinto, kunye neenkonzo zasemva kwentengiso azizange zikhule ngokwaneleyo, ezikhokelela kuzinzo lwemveliso. Ngowama-2017, iindaba zemililo yebhetri enamandla yavela emva kwenye. Isihloko sokhuseleko lwebhetri sibe sisihloko esishushu kwishishini kwaye sichaphazele ukuzithemba kwabo abathengi bokuthenga izithuthi zamandla amatsha.
Okwangoku, kukholelwa ngokubanzi kwishishini ukuba ubomi bebhetri ngokubanzi, kwaye ubomi benkonzo yemoto buhlala bungaphezulu kweminyaka emi-5. Ibhetri yeyona nto ixabisekileyo yemoto yamandla amatsha, ngokubanzi i-accounting malunga neepesenti ezingama-30 zeendleko zemoto zizonke.
I-NIO ibonelela ngeseti yolwazi lweendleko zeepakethi zebhetri emva kwentengiso yasemva kwetekisi kwezinye izithuthi zamandla amatsha. Umzekelo, umthamo webhetri yekhowudi ecocekileyo yombane - igama elithi "ngu-96.1kwh, kwaye iindleko zokutshintshwa kwebhetri ziphezulu ezingama-233,000 yuan. Kwiimodeli ezimbini eziziimitha ezimbini ezinobungakanani bebhetri malunga ne-40kwh, iindleko zokutshintshwa kwebhetri zingaphezulu kwe-80,000 yuan. Nokuba iimodeli ze-hybrid ezinomkhuselo wombane ongekho ngaphezulu kwe-30kwh, indleko yokutshintshwa kwebhetri isondele kuma-60,000 yuan.
"Ezinye iimodeli ezivela kubavelisi abanobuhlobo zibaleke iikhilomitha ezi-1, kodwa iibhetri ezintathu zonakalisiwe," utshilo. Ixabiso lokutshintsha iibhetri ezintathu zigqithile kwixabiso lemoto ngokwayo.
Ukuba indleko zokutshintsha ibhetri iguqulwe ibe yi-60 win, emva koko i-19.5 yezigidi zeemoto ezizigidi zewaranti eziya kuphelelwa yimakethi yesibhozo ye-trillion. Ukusuka kwiinkampani ezinemigodi ye-lithium ye-lithium kwi-Midstryam Countram Country iinkampani zebhetri ukuya eMidstreram kunye ne-Dowstream yeZithuthi kunye nabathengisi bentengiso, bonke baya kuxhamla koku.
Ukuba iinkampani zifuna ukufumana ngaphezulu kwepayi, kufuneka bakhuphisane ukuze babone ukuba ngubani onokukhulisa ibhetri entsha enokuthi isebenzise "iintliziyo" zabathengi.
Kwiminyaka esibhozo elandelayo, phantse iibhetri zezithuthi ezingama-20 ziya kungena kumjikelo wokutshintsha. Iinkampani zebhetri kunye neenkampani zemoto zonke zifuna ukusebenzisa eli "shishini".
Kanye njengendlela eyahlukeneyo kuphuhliso lwamandla amatsha, iinkampani ezininzi ziye zathi itekhnoloji yebhetri ye-inyibilium phosphate, i-tenary lithium, inyibiliki ye-Ilium I-phosphate ye-phosphate, kunye nelizwe eliqinileyo, kunye nomhlaba oqinileyo we-phospha. Kweli nqanaba, i-Lithium ye-Inyibium ye-phosnary phosnary lithium faterries yeyona nto iphambili, inika ingxelo phantse i-99% yemveliso iyonke.
Okwangoku, i-chiedgety ye-shishini kazwelonke ingenakudlula kwi-20% ngexesha lewaranti, kwaye ifuna ukuba i-Attinal Atuntress ayidluli kwi-80% emva kwe-1 000 yentlawulo epheleleyo kwaye ikhuphe imijikelezo epheleleyo.
Nangona kunjalo, ekusebenziseni kanye, kunzima ukufikelela kule mfuno ngenxa yeziphumo zobushushu obuphantsi kunye nokushiyeka kobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokuhambisa. Idatha ibonisa ukuba okwangoku, uninzi lweebhetri zinempilo ezingama-70% kuphela ngexesha lewaranti. Nje ukuba impilo yebhetri ihla ngaphantsi kwe-70%, intsebenzo yayo iya kuyehla kakhulu, amava abasebenzisi aya kuchaphazeleka kakhulu, kwaye iingxaki zokhuseleko ziya kuvela.
Ngokuka-Weilai, ukwehla kobomi bebhetri ngokubhekisele kwiindlela zokusetyenziswa kwabanini bemoto kunye "nokugcina iimoto", apho "ukugcina" ukugcina "ukugcina" ukugcina "ukugcina" ii-moto "ze-85%. Abanye abaqeqeshi babonisa ukuba uninzi lwabasebenzisi bamandla amatsha namhlanje baqhele ukusebenzisa ukutshabalalisa ngokukhawuleza ukugcwalisa amandla, kodwa ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kuyakukhawulezisa ubudala bebhetri kwaye banciphise ubomi bebhetri.
I-Lin ye-LI ikholelwa ukuba i-2024 yeyona ndawo ibaluleke kakhulu. "Kuyimfuneko ukwenza isicwangciso sobomi bebhetri engcono yabasebenzisi, ishishini lonke, kunye noluntu lonke."
Ngokuphuhliswa okukhoyo okwangoku kwetekhnoloji yebhetri echaphazelekayo, ubume beebhetri zobomi obunde bulungile kwintengiso. Ibhetri leyo ebizwa ngokuba yiBetrit yobomi obude, ikwabizwa ngokuba yibhetri yebhetri ekhoyo, isekwe kwiibhetri ezikhoyo ze-ternary lithium ze-telium ze-teliums kunye neebhetri ze-gethium ze-gethium ze-teliums) ngenkqubo ye-Nano. Oko kukuthi, izinto ezintle ze-electrode zongezwa kwi "Lithium Gederemerition", kwaye izinto ezimbi ze-electrode zigcinwe ngesiliven.
Ithuba lecandelo leShishini "i-Silicon Dosping kunye neLithium ReplaIng". Abanye abahlalutyi bathi ngexesha lenkqubo yokutshaja, ngakumbi ukuba ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kuyasetyenziswa rhoqo, "I-Lithium" iya kusetyenziswa, oko kukuthi, i-lithium ilahlekile. I-Lithum eyongezelelweyo inokuthintela ubomi bebhetri, ngelixa i-silicon inokuthi inciphise ibhetri ngokukhawuleza.
Ngapha koko, iinkampani ezifanelekileyo zisebenza nzima ukuphucula ubomi bebhetri. Ngomhla we-14 ku-Matshi 14, i-NIO ikhupha isicwangciso sayo sobomi babo obude sebhetri. Entlanganisweni, i-Nio yazisa ukuba inkqubo yebhetri ye-Altra-ephezulu yebhetri ephakamileyo yebhetri iphuhlise inoxinano lwamandla ngaphezulu kwe-50% ngelixa ugcina ivolumu efanayo. Kunyaka ophelileyo, i-WeilaI Et7 ixhotywe ngebhetri ye-150-degree yovavanyo olufanelekileyo, kunye nobomi bebhetri ye-CLTC bungaphezulu kweekhilomitha ezili-1 000.
Ukongeza, i-NIO ikwaphuhlise i-100kwwh ye-100kwh epilisile ye-CTP ye-CTP ye-CTP ye-CTPION-ye-CALPUIR ye-CALPUSION kwaye i-75KWH ye-75kWH yentsimbi ye-Iron ye-Inyibilimu. Iseli yebhetri enkulu ye-cylindricrical ye-cylindricrical ye-cratindrical enokuchaswa okungaphakathi kwe-1.6 miliyoni ukuba i-5c isakhono sokutshaja kwaye ingahlala ukuya kwi-255km kwi-5km kwi-5 yentlawulo.
UNio wathi ngokusekwe kumjikelo omkhulu webhetri, ubomi bebhetri busenokugcina i-80% yezempilo emva kweminyaka eli-12, engaphezulu komyinge weShishini le-70% kwiminyaka eyi-70%. Ngoku, i-NIO ithatha inxaxheba kwi-catl ukuba ihlakuleleni ngokudibeneyo ibhetri yobomi, ngenjongo yokuba nenqanaba lezempilo elingaphantsi kwe-85% xa ubomi bebhetri buyaphela kwiminyaka eli-15.
Ngaphambi koku, i-catl ibhengezele nge-2020 ukuba yayiqulunqe ibhetri "ye-zero yothintelo" enokuthi ifezekise i-Iroting kwi-1,500 imijikelezo. Ngokutoko abantu baqhelene nalo mbandela, ibhetri isetyenziswe kwiiprojekthi zokugcina amandla, kodwa akukho zindaba okwangoku kwintsimi yezithuthi zabakhweli abatsha.
Ngeli xesha, i-Catl kunye ne-zehiji yemoto eyakhiwe ngokudibeneyo kwiTekhnoloji yeTekhnoloji yeLithium esebenzisa "i-Lithium-e-Lithium-e-Lithium-eyokuthintela i-zero ye-lero, kunye ne-200 yeekhilomitha ezingama-200, kunye ne-STATAME" yebhetri.
I-oducation kunye nokukhuthaza iibhetri zobomi ezinde zibaluleke ngokuthile kwiinkampani zemoto, abasebenzisi bamandla amatsha kunye nomzi mveliso.
Okokuqala, kwiinkampani zemoto kunye nabavelisi bebhetri, okonyusa i-chip yokuxoxa emfazweni ukuseta umgangatho webhetri. Nabani na onokukhulisa okanye asebenzise iibhetri zobomi ezinde ziya kuba zinokuthetha ngakumbi kwaye zihlala kwiimakethi ezininzi kuqala. Ngakumbi iinkampani ezinomdla kwimarike yokutshintshwa ibhetri inomdla ngakumbi.
Njengoko sonke sazi, ilizwe lam alikazenzi umgangatho wemodyuli emanyeneyo kweli nqanaba. Okwangoku, itekhnoloji yokutshintshwa kwebhetri yintsimi yovavanyo yoovulindlela yokumiswa kwebhetri yamandla. XINGINGINGINGINGUBIN, UMXHOLO WESITHILI WOBUCHULE BENKCAZO, YENZA ISANGQA KUYO INDLELA YOKUZIPHATHA NGOKUGQIBELELEYO NOKUQUKA UMGAQO-NKQUBO WOKUGQIBELA WOKUGQIBELA Oku akukhuthazi ukukhohlisa kunye nokusebenza kweebhetri, kodwa kuyanceda ukunciphisa iindleko zemveliso kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwemveliso.
Amashishini afuna ukuba yi-STTER esemgangathweni kwimarike yokutshintsha ibhetri ekhawulezayo yokukhawulezisa imizamo yabo. Ukuthatha i-NIO njengomzekelo, ngokusekwe ekusebenzeni kunye nokucwangciswa kwedatha yebhetri, i-NIO yandisa umjikelo wobomi kunye nexabiso leebhetri kwinkqubo ekhoyo. Oku kuzisa igumbi ngolungelelwaniso lwamaxabiso eenkonzo zeBhattal zebhetri. Kwinkonzo entsha yeBhatesta yebhetri, intengo yokuqesha irejista esemgangathweni incitshisiwe ukusuka kwi-980 Yuan ukuya kwi-728 Yuan ngenyanga, kwaye i-Yuan yebhetri ihlawulwe ukusuka kwi-1,128 yuan ngenyanga.
Abanye abantu bakholelwa ukuba ukwakhiwa kwentsebenziswano kotshintsho phakathi koontanga kuhambelana nesikhokelo somgaqo-nkqubo.
I-Nio yinkokeli kwicandelo le-swept yebhetri. Kunyaka ophelileyo, uWeilaI ufake umgangatho weSizwe yebhetri "Khetha enye kwezi zine". Okwangoku, i-NIO yakha kwaye isebenza ngaphezulu kwezitishi ezingaphezulu kwe-2,300 yebhetri kwimarike yehlabathi, kwaye itsalele umnxeba, i-Geely, Jac, iinkampani zemoto ukuba zijoyine inethiwekhi yebhetri. Ngokweengxelo, iSikhululo sebhetri ye-Nio yebhetri i-70,000 yebhetri ngosuku, kwaye ngo-Matshi ngalo nyaka, ibonelele abasebenzisi abane-40 yezigidi zebhetri.
Ukumiselwa kukaNio iibhetri zobomi ezinde ngokukhawuleza kunokunceda isikhundla sayo kwimarike yokutshintsha kwebhetri sizinzile ngakumbi, kwaye inokusandisa ubunzima bayo ngokuba yi-stat yebhetri. Kwangelo xesha, ukuthandwa kweebhetri zobomi bonke kuya kunceda i-ratind yonyusa iipremiyamu zazo. I-iriver ithe, "Iibhetri zobomi ezinde ngoku zisetyenziswa ngoku kwiimveliso zokuphela."
Kubathengi, ukuba iibhetri zobomi ezinde ziveliswe ubunzima kwaye zifakwe ezimotweni, azidingi ukuba zihlawulwe endaweni yebhetri ngexesha le-wiarranti, inyani yokwenyani " Ingathathwa njengengathanga ngqo kwiindleko zokutshintsha ibhetri.
Nangona kugxininiswa kwiNcwadi eNtsha yeZithuthi eziKhoyo ukuba ibhetri ingathathelwa indawo simahla kwithuba lewaranti. Nangona kunjalo, umntu oqhelene nalo mbandela wathi ukutshintshwa kwebhetri yasimahla kuxhomekeke kwiimeko. "Kwiimeko ezikhoyo, ukutshintshwa simahla kunqanyulwe, kwaye kuya kutyiwa endaweni yezizathu ezahlukeneyo." Umzekelo, uluhlu oluthile luluhlu olungelulo lwe-newara, enye ethi "ukusetyenziswa kwezithuthi" ngexesha lenkqubo, isixa-mali sokukhupha ibhetri ngama-80% aphezulu kune-Tebat yebhetri.
Ukusukela kule ndlela, iibhetri zobomi ezinde ngoku ishishini elinobuchule. Kodwa xa iyakukhunjulwa kwinqanaba elikhulu, ixesha alikagqitywa. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, wonke umntu unokuthetha malunga nethiyori ye-Lithium yeLilicon-Dod-Repination itekhnoloji, kodwa isafuna ukuqinisekiswa kwenkqubo kunye nokuvavanywa kwebhodi ngaphambi kokuba isicelo sorhwebo. "Umjikelezo wophuhliso lwetekhnoloji yokuqala yebhetri yokuqala izakuthatha iminyaka emibini," utshilo i-Inrider yeShishini.
Ixesha lokuposa: APR-13 ukuya ku-2424