Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngokuqaqanjelwa ngokuthe tyheli okuncedisayo ukuqhuba, ngelixa besenza lula ukuhamba kwemihla ngemihla, kuzisa iingozi zokhuseleko. Ingxelo exelwa rhoqo iingozi zendlela ezenze ukhuseleko lokuncediswa ngokuqhuba isihloko esishushu esishushu kwindawo yoluntu. Phakathi kwabo, nokuba kuyimfuneko ukuxhobisa ukukhanya kwenkqubo yokuqhuba encedisiweyo ngaphandle kwemoto ukuya kubonisa ngokucacileyo imeko yokuqhuba imoto iye yaqwalaselwa ingqalelo.
Yintoni inqaku lenkqubo yokuqhuba lokuqhuba lokuqhuba lokuqhuba?
Ukukhanya okubizwa ngokuba kukukhanya okuthengisiweyo okuqhubayo kubhekisele ekukhanyeni okukhethekileyo kufakwe ngaphandle kwemoto. Ngezikhundla kunye nemibala ethile yokufaka kunye nemibala, luyinto ecacileyo yezinye izithuthi kunye nabahamba ngeenyawo kwindlela yokuqhuba encediswayo ilawula ukusebenza kwezithuthi, ukuphucula indlela yabasebenzisi bendlela kunye nokunxibelelana. Ijolise ekuphuculeni ukhuseleko ezindleleni zendlela kwaye unciphise iingozi zendlela ezibangelwa kukungasebenzi kakuhle kwemeko yokuqhuba imoto.
Umgaqo wayo wokuSebenza usekwe kwiinzwa kunye neenkqubo zokulawula ngaphakathi kwimoto. Xa imoto ijika ikhowudi yokuqhuba encedisiweyo, inkqubo iya kuvula izibane zomqondiso ukhumbuza abanye abasebenzisi bendlela ukuba banikele ingqalelo.
Ikhokelwa ziinkampani zemoto, izibane zenkqubo yokuqhuba yokuqhuba ayifane zisetyenzisiwe
Kweli nqanaba, kuba akukho migangatho inyanzelekileyo yesiseko, phakathi kweemodeli ezithengiswayo kwimarike yemoto yasekhaya, kuphela iimodeli ze-Auto ezixhotyisiweyo zixhotyiswe ngezibane zenkqubo yokuqhuba, kwaye umbala wezibane uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-luhlaza. Ukuthatha i-L9 efanelekileyo ye-L9 njengomzekelo, yonke imoto ixhotywe ngezibane ezi-5 ezimakishi, 4 ngaphambili kunye ne-1 ngasemva (i-LI L7 inayo 2). Oku krwada ukukhanya kuxhonywe kuzo zombini i-ad pro pro pro kunye ne-ad max max. Kuyaqondakala ukuba kwimeko engagqibekanga, xa imoto ijika inkqubo yokuqhuba encedisiweyo, ukukhanya komqondiso kuya kukhanyisa ngokuzenzekelayo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba lo msebenzi unokucinyiwe ngesandla.
Ukusuka kwimbono yamanye amazwe, akukho migangatho ifanelekileyo yezibane zenkqubo encedisiweyo yokuqhuba kumazwe ahlukeneyo, kwaye uninzi lweenkampani zemoto zithatha inyathelo lokuhlanganisa. Thatha iMercedes-Benz njengomzekelo. Emva kokuvunywa ukuthengisa iimoto ezixhotywe ngemowudi yokuqhuba encedisiweyo (i-pilot yomqhubi) eCalifornia kunye ne-Nevada, yayithatha ukwengeza kwizibane zomqondiso ze-turthedes-benz kunye neerzes-benz ye-benz ye-menz ye-menz ye-Merces-Benz ye-MENTZ. Xa imowudi yokuqhuba encediswayo ivuliwe,, izibane ziya kuvulwa kwangaxeshanye ukuze zilumkise ezinye izithuthi nabahambi ngeenyawo endleleni, kunye nabasebenzi abanyanzeliso lomthetho wezendlela.
Akunzima ukufumana ukuba ngaphandle kokuphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza kwetekhnoloji yokuqhuba evuyiweyo kwihlabathi lonke, kusekho ezinye zokusilela kwimigangatho efanelekileyo yokuxhasa. Uninzi lweenkampani zemoto zigxile kuphando lwetekhnoloji kunye nophuhliso kunye nentengiso yemveliso. Kwizibane zenkqubo yokuqhuba encedisiweyo yokuqhuba kunye nezinye izinto ezingakhange zihlawulwe zihlawulwa kwizinto eziphambili ezinxulumene nokuqhuba ukuqhuba.
Ukuphucula ukhuseleko ezindleleni, kubalulekile ukuba ufake izibane zenkqubo yokuqhuba encedisiweyo yokuqhuba
Ngapha koko, esona sizathu sibalulekileyo sokufaka izibane zenkqubo yokuqhuba encedisiweyo yokuqhuba kukunciphisa imeko yengozi yendlela kunye nokuphucula ukhuseleko lwendlela. Ukusuka kwimbono yobugcisa, nangona iinkqubo zokuqhuba zangoku ezincediswayo zasekhaya azifikeleleki kwi-L3 yenqanaba ", zisondele kakhulu ngokwenyani imisebenzi. Ezinye iinkampani zemoto ebezisekuqaleni ekuphakanyisweni kwabo ukuba inqanaba lokuqhuba elincedisiweyo lezithuthi zabo liyi-L2.999 ... inqanaba elikufutshane ne-L3. UZhu Xican kwiSikolo seYunivesithi yaseTongangJI, ekholelwa ukuba izibane zenkqubo yokuqhuba encedisiweyo yokuqhuba zinentsingiselo kwiimoto ezixhunyiweyo. Ngoku izithuthi ezininzi ezithi ukuba ze-L2 + zinezakhono ze-L3. Abanye abaqhubi bayazisebenzisa kwinkqubo yokusebenzisa imoto, i-L3 yokusebenzisa iyakwenziwa, njengokuqhuba ngaphandle kwezandla okanye iinyawo ixesha elide, eziya kubangela umngcipheko wokhuseleko. Ke ngoko, xa uyivula inkqubo yokuqhuba encedisiweyo, kufuneka sibe sisikhumbuzo esicacileyo kwabanye abasebenzisi bendlela ngaphandle.
Kwangoko kulo nyaka, umnini wemoto ujikile kwinkqubo yokuqhuba encedisiweyo ngelixa eqhuba ngesantya esiphezulu. Ngenxa yoko, xa betshintsha iindlela, watshintsha gwenxa iBhodi yeBillboard phambi kwakhe emnqubeni waza wenza isithintelo emva koko wayeka ukuba angakwazi ukuphepha imoto kwaye ibangele ukungqubana okungasemva. Khawufane ucinge, ukuba le moto yomnini wemoto ixhotywe ngenkqubo yokuqhuba encediswayo yokuqhuba kwaye iguqulwe ngokungagqibekanga, ngokuqinisekileyo iya kunika isikhumbuzo esicacileyo kwizithuthi ezingqongileyo: Ndijike inkqubo yokuqhuba encedisiweyo. Abaqhubi bezinye izithuthi baya kulumkisa emva kokufumana ngokukhawuleza kwaye bathathe inyathelo lokuqala lokuhlala okanye bagcine umgama omkhulu, onokuthintela ingozi ukuba yenzeke. Ngokuphathelene noku, u-Zhang Yhang, uMongameli oMkhulu wemisebenzi edibana, ekholelwa ukuba kuyimfuneko ukufaka izibane zomqondiso zangaphandle kwizithuthi ezinemisebenzi yokufumana uncedo. Okwangoku, izinga lokungena lokungena kwizithuthi ezixhotywe nge-L2 + iinkqubo zokuqhuba zincedisiwe ziyaqhubeka. Kukho ithuba eliphezulu lokudibana nesithuthi ngeenkqubo ze-L2 + kwi-uqhuba endleleni, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuba igwebe ngaphandle. Ukuba kukho ukukhanya komqondiso ngaphandle, ezinye izithuthi ezindleleni ziyaqonda ngokucacileyo imeko yokuqhuba yesithuthi, eya kuzisa ingqalelo, ihlawule ngakumbi xa ilandela umgama okhuselekileyo.
Ngapha koko, iindlela ezifanayo zokulumkisa aziqhelekanga. Oyena mntu usaziwa kakhulu yi "Phar yasekhaya". Ngokweemfuno ze "Imigaqo kwiSicelo kunye nokusetyenziswa kweelayisensi zokuqhuba imoto", kwiinyanga ezili-12 umqhubi wemoto ufumana iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba lixesha le-zungu. Ngeli xesha, xa uqhuba imoto, isitayile se-interm " "Ndiyakholelwa ukuba uninzi lwabaqhubi ngamava okuqhuba baziva ngendlela efanayo. Gweba ukuba imoto iqhutywa ngumntu okanye yinkqubo yokuqhuba encedisiweyo, enokukhokelela ngokulula ekungakhathali kunye nokungakhathali., ngaloo ndlela kukhulisa umngcipheko weengozi zendlela.
Imigangatho kufuneka iphuculwe. Izibane zenkqubo yokuncedisa yokuqhuba kufuneka zinyanzeliswe ngokusemthethweni.
Ke, kuba izibane zenkqubo yokuqhuba encedisiweyo yokuqhuba zibaluleke kakhulu, ngaba ilizwe linemigaqo-nkqubo efanelekileyo kunye nemigaqo yokujonga? Ngapha koko, okwangoku, kuphela yimigaqo yendawo ekhutshwe nguShenzhen, i "Shenzhen West Imigaqo yoLawulo lweZithuthi" ineendlela zokuqhuba ezichazayo ", kodwa lo mmiselo usebenza ngokufumana izibane ze-AutoNomous" ukuqhuba, ukuqhuba ngokuzenzekelayo ukuqhuba nokuqhuba ngokuzenzekelayo. Ngamanye amaxesha, isebenza kuphela kwi-L3 kunye neendlela zokubonisa ishishini ". Umgangatho ukwathathwa kwe-L3 kunye nemodeli ngaphezulu kwemodeli.
Ayinakuphikiswa ukuba ukuphuculwa kwezinto zokuqhuba ngokuzenzekelayo ze-L3 kuqalile ukukhawulezisa, kodwa okwangoku, iinkqubo zokuqhuba ezincediswayo zasekhaya zisajongiwe kwi-L2 okanye kwinqanaba le-L2 +. Ngokwedatha kuMbutho weZithuthi abakhweli, ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuFebruwari ukuya kuFebruwari ukuya kwi-2024, izinga lokufakwa kwezithuthi eziphambili zabakhweli abahamba nge-L2 kunye ne-L2, i-L2 ineeakhawunti zenani elikhulu. ULung, i-CEO ye-lantu auto, ngaphambili achazwe kwiforamu ye-davos yehlobo ngoJuni ukuba "Kulindelwe ukuba ukuqhuba kwe-L2 kuncedwayo kuya kwathandwa ngokubanzi kwiminyaka emithathu ukuya kwemihlanu." Kungabonwa ukuba i-L2 kunye nezithuthi ze-L2 + ziseza kuba ngumzimba ophambili wentengiso ixesha elide elizayo. Ke ngoko, sibiza amasebe esizwe abalulekileyo ukuba baqwalasele ngokupheleleyo iimeko zentengiso xa kusenziwa izibane ezifanelekileyo zenkqubo, kwaye kwangaxeshanye uphawu, umbala olula, umbala, izinto ezibalulekileyo, njl njl. Kwizibane zomqondiso. Ukukhusela ukhuseleko lwendlela yokuqhuba.
Ukongeza, sikwabiza kwiCandelo loMphathiswa Wezobugcisa kunye neTekhnoloji yoLwazi ukubandakanya "amanyathelo olawulo okufikelela kwiilayisensi zendlela yokuqhuba yendlela kunye nolunye lwezinto zokuvavanya ukhuseleko ekufuneka udluliselwe kwimarike. .
Intsingiselo elungileyo yenkqubo yokunceda umqhubi
Njengomnye woLungiso lweeZithuthi, ukungeniswa kwezibane zokuqhuba ezincedisiweyo kunokukhuthaza uphuhliso oluphezulu oluphezulu lwetekhnoloji yokuqhuba encedisiweyo yokuqhuba imigaqo-nkqubo yezobuchwephesha. Umzekelo, ngoyilo lombala kunye nemowudi yokuqaqamba kwezibane zomqondiso, amanqanaba ahlukeneyo eenkqubo zokuqhuba anokwahlula-hlula ngakumbi, njenge-L2, i-L3, ngokwesiza sikhulisa iinkqubo zokuqhuba.
Abathengi, ukufuduswa kwezibane zokuqhuba ezincedisiweyo zokuqhuba kuya kuphucula ukucaca kweshishini lonke lemoto, ukuvumela abathengi ukuba baqonde ukuba zeziphi izithuthi ezixhotyisiweyo ngeenkqubo zokuqhuba ezixhotyisiweyo, kwaye ziqonde iinkqubo zabo zokuqhuba. Qonda, ukukhuthaza ukuthembana nokwamkelwa. Kwiinkampani zemoto, izibane zenkqubo yokuqhuba yokuqhuba ngokungathandabuzekiyo azibonakaliswanga ubunkokeli bemveliso. Umzekelo, xa abathengi babona isithuthi esixhotyisiweyo ngezibane zokuqhuba esincedisiweyo sokuqhuba, ngokwendalo baya kuyidibanisa netekhnoloji ephezulu kunye nokhuseleko. Imifanekiso eyakhayo njengokwabelana ngesondo inxulunyaniswa, ngaloo ndlela yanyusa injongo yokuthenga.
Ukongeza, ukusuka kwinqanaba le-macro, kunye nophuhliso lwe-termin olwenziwe ngengqondo enxulumene ne-teknoloji, ukutshintshiselana ngobuchwephesha bamanye amazwe kunye nentsebenziswano kuyenzeka rhoqo. Ukugweba kwimeko yangoku, amazwe kwihlabathi liphela akanayo imigaqo ecacileyo kunye nemigangatho emangaliswayo yezibane zenkqubo yokuqhuba encedisiweyo yokuqhuba. Njengomthathi-nxaxheba obalulekileyo kwicandelo leTekhnoloji yeZithuthi eziThengiweyo, ilizwe lam linokukhokelela kwaye likhuthaze inkqubo yokumiselwa kwetekhnoloji yokuqhuba i-fickerly izibane zenkqubo yokuqhuba, eziya kunceda ukuphucula indima yelizwe lam kwimo yenkqubo yomgangatho wamazwe aphesheya.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: AUG-05-2024