"Ikhilomitha enye ngesekhondi kunye noluhlu lokuqhuba lweekhilomitha ezingama-200 emva kwemizuzu emi-5 yokutshaja."Ngomhla wama-27 kaFebruwari, kwiNkomfa ye-Huawei ye-Digital Energy Partner ka-2024, iHuawei Digital Energy Technology Co., Ltd. (emva koku ebizwa ngokuba yi "Huawei Digital Energy") ikhuphe ulwelo olupholiswe ngokupheleleyo. amava okutshaja i-refueling yinyani. ”Ngokwesicwangciso, iHuawei Digital Energy iza kwakha ngaphezulu kwe-100,000 yeHuawei iimfumba zokutshaja ezipholiswe ngokupheleleyo kwiidolophu ezingaphezu kwama-340 kunye nohola bendlela kwilizwe liphela ngo-2024 ukwenza "inethiwekhi enye yezixeko", "inethiwekhi enye yesantya esiphezulu" kunye "igridi yamandla enye"."Ubuhlobo" ukutshaja inethiwekhi.Ngapha koko, uHuawei ukhuphe imveliso ye-supercharger epholile ngokupheleleyo kwango-Okthobha kulo nyaka uphelileyo, kwaye ugqibile uyilo lweendawo ezininzi zokubonisa ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.
Ngokuzenzekelayo, i-NIO ibhengeze ngokusesikweni ekupheleni konyaka ophelileyo ukuba ikhuphe imfumba entsha yokutshaja engama-640kW epholile ngokupheleleyo.Le ngqumba yokutshaja i-ultra-fast charging ixhotyiswe ngompu we-liquid-cooled charging gun onobunzima obuziikhilogram eziyi-2.4 kuphela kwaye iza kusungulwa ngokusesikweni ngoAprili walo nyaka.Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, abantu abaninzi babize i-2024 unyaka wokudubula kwee-supercharger ezipholile ngokupheleleyo.Ngokuphathelele le nto intsha, ndicinga ukuba wonke umntu usenemibuzo emininzi: Yintoni kanye kanye i-liquid-cooled overcharging?Ziziphi iingenelo zayo ezizodwa?Ngaba ukupholisa ulwelo kuya kuba lolona phuhliso luphambili lokutshaja kwixa elizayo?
01
Ukutshaja okusebenzayo nokukhawulezayo
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, akukho nkcazelo idityanisiweyo esemgangathweni yento ebizwa ngokuba yi-liquid-cooled ngokupheleleyo.U-Wei Dong, injineli kwi-Microelectronics Technology Laboratory ye-Xi'an University of Technology, uxelele intatheli evela kwi-China Automotive News.Ngokwemiqathango ye-layman, i-supercharger epholile ngokupheleleyo epholileyo yolwelo lokutshaja yitekhnoloji esebenzisa ukujikeleza kolwelo ukususa ngokukhawuleza ubushushu obuveliswe ngexesha lenkqubo yokutshaja ngamacandelo aphambili afana neemodyuli zokutshaja, iintambo, kunye neentloko zemipu yokutshaja.Isebenzisa impompo yamandla ezinikeleyo ukuqhuba ukuhamba kwesipholisi, ngaloo ndlela ikhupha ubushushu kwaye ivumele izixhobo zokutshaja ukugcina ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo.Ukupholisa kwiimfumba ezifakwe kulwelo-ezipholile ngokupheleleyo ayingomanzi aqhelekileyo, kodwa ubukhulu becala iqulethe i-ethylene glycol, amanzi, izongezo kunye nezinye izinto.Ngokuphathelele umlinganiselo, yimfihlelo yobugcisa yenkampani nganye.I-Coolant ayinakuphucula kuphela ukuzinza kunye nesiphumo sokupholisa solwelo, kodwa sinciphisa ukubola kunye nomonakalo kwisixhobo.Kuya kufuneka wazi ukuba indlela yokuphelisa ubushushu ichaphazela kakhulu ukusebenza kwezixhobo zokutshaja.Ngokwezibalo zethiyori, ilahleko yobushushu yangoku yeemfumba zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza zamandla aphezulu e-DC imalunga ne-5%.Ngaphandle kokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu obuhle, akuyi kukhawuleza ukuguga kwezixhobo, kodwa kukhokelela kwizinga eliphezulu lokungaphumeleli kwezixhobo zokutshaja.
Kungenxa kanye ngenkxaso yolwelo olupheleleyo lokupholisa ubushushu bobuchwephesha bokuchitha amandla amandla olwelo olupheleleyo lokupholisa iimfumba zokutshaja eziphakamileyo aphezulu kakhulu kuneemfumba eziqhelekileyo zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza.Umzekelo, imfumba ye-supercharging epholileyo ye-Huawei inamandla amakhulu angama-600kW, ivumela abasebenzisi ukonwabela amava okutshaja okukhawulezayo "komityi yekofu kunye nentlawulo epheleleyo.""Nangona amandla angoku kunye namandla eetshaja ezipholiswe ngokupheleleyo kulwelo zahlukile ngoku, zonke zinamandla ngakumbi kuneetshaja ezikhawulezayo eziqhelekileyo kunye neetshaja ezinkulu."UZeng Xin, unjingalwazi kwiYunivesithi yeNzululwazi kunye neTekhnoloji yaseBeijing, uxelele intatheli evela eChina Automotive News, Okwangoku, amandla eemfumba zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza ajikeleze i-120kW, kwaye iimfumba eziqhelekileyo zokutshaja zijikeleze i-300kW.Amandla eemfumba ze-supercharging elulwelo-zipholile ngokupheleleyo ukusuka kwiHuawei kunye neNIO anokufikelela kuma-600kW.Ukongeza, imfumba ye-supercharging ye-Huawei epholile ngokupheleleyo ikwanayo inochongo olukrelekrele kunye nemisebenzi yohlengahlengiso.Iyakwazi ukulungelelanisa ngokuzenzekelayo amandla emveliso kunye yangoku ngokweemfuno zesantya seebhetri zeemodeli ezahlukeneyo, ukufikelela kwinqanaba lempumelelo yokutshaja ukuya kuthi ga kwi-99%.
"Ukufudumeza kweemfumba ezipholiswe ngokupheleleyo kulwelo kuqhubele phambili uphuhliso lweshishini lonke."Ngokutsho kukaHu Fenglin, umphandi kwiZiko leTekhnoloji yeNew Energy Innovation yeShenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, amacandelo afunekayo kwiimfumba ezipholiswe ngokupheleleyo zolwelo zinokwahlulwa zibe ngamacandelo esixhobo sokuTshaja, amacandelo olwakhiwo ngokubanzi, ukutshaja okukhawulezayo kwevoltage ephezulu. imathiriyeli kunye namanye amacandelo, kubandakanywa amacandelo okuvalelwa okukrelekrele, iitshiphusi zesilicon carbide, iimpompo zamandla, izinto zokupholisa, kunye neemodyuli ezipholiswe ngokupheleleyo zolwelo, imipu yokutshaja epholise ngokupheleleyo ulwelo kunye nokutshaja Uninzi lwazo lunemfuno ezingqongqo zokusebenza kunye neendleko eziphezulu kunezixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo. kwiimfumba zokutshaja eziqhelekileyo.
02
Kulula ukuyisebenzisa, umjikelo wobomi obude
Xa kuthelekiswa neengqumba zokutshaja eziqhelekileyo ezikhawulezayo/eziphezulu zokutshaja, iimfumba zokutshaja ezinolwelo ezipholile ngokupheleleyo azihlawulisi ngokukhawuleza kuphela, kodwa zineengenelo ezininzi."Umpu otshajayo we-supercharger epholile ngokupheleleyo yakwaHuawei ukhaphukhaphu kakhulu, kwaye nabanini bemoto ababhinqileyo abanamandla amancinane banokuwusebenzisa ngokulula, ngokungafaniyo nemipu yangaphambili yokutshaja ebingamandla."UZhou Xiang, umnini wemoto yombane eChongqing, uthe.
"Ukusetyenziswa kothotho lwetekhnoloji entsha, izixhobo ezintsha, kunye neekhonsepthi ezintsha kunika izibonelelo zokutshaja ezipholise ngokupheleleyo ezinokuthi iimfumba zokutshaja eziqhelekileyo zingakwazi ukuhambelana ngaphambili."U-Hu Fenglin uthe kwiimfumba ze-supercharging ezipholileyo ngokupheleleyo, langoku kunye namandla angaphezulu Iindlela ezinkulu zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza.Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukufudumeza kwentambo yokutshaja kuhambelana nesikwere sangoku.Okukhona ukutshaja kwangoku, kokukhona ukufudumeza kwentambo.Ukunciphisa ubushushu obuveliswa yintambo kwaye ugweme ukushisa, indawo enqamlezayo yocingo kufuneka inyuswe, oku kuthetha ukuba umpu wokutshaja kunye nekhebula lokutshaja linzima.I-supercharger epholile ngokupheleleyo i-liquid-cooled ixazulula ingxaki yokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu kwaye isebenzisa iintambo ezineendawo ezincinci ze-cross-sectional ukuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kwemisinga emikhulu.Ke ngoko, iintambo zeemfumba zokutshaja ezipholiswe ngokupheleleyo zolwelo zincinci kwaye zikhaphukhaphu kunezo zemfumba eziqhelekileyo zokutshaja, kwaye imipu yokutshaja nayo ikhaphukhaphu.Umzekelo, umpu otshajayo we-NIO's ye-NIO's full liquid-cooled supercharging piles inobunzima obuyi-2.4 kilograms, ekhaphukhaphu kakhulu kuneemfumba zokutshaja eziqhelekileyo.Ingqumba ilula kakhulu kwaye izisa amava angcono omsebenzisi, ngakumbi kubanikazi bemoto ababhinqileyo, ekulula ukuyisebenzisa.
"Inzuzo yeemfumba zokutshaja ezipholiswe ngokupheleleyo kukuba zikhuselekile."U-Wei Dong wathi kwixesha elidlulileyo, uninzi lweemfumba zokutshaja zisebenzisa ukupholisa kwendalo, ukupholisa umoya kunye nezinye iindlela, ezifuna imingxunya yokuphefumla kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo kwimfumba yokutshaja, nto leyo ebangele ukuba umoya uxutywe nothuli, nkqu amasuntswana esinyithi acolekileyo, isitshizi setyuwa. kunye nomphunga wamanzi ungena ngaphakathi kwimfumba yokutshaja kwaye ubhengezwe kumphezulu wamacandelo ombane, okukhokelela kwiingxaki ezifana nokunciphisa ukusebenza kwenkqubo yokugquma, ukuchithwa kobushushu, ukunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokutshaja, kunye nobomi besixhobo esifutshane.Ngokuchaseneyo, indlela yokupholisa yolwelo epheleleyo inokufikelela kukhuselo olupheleleyo, iphucule ukugquma kunye nokhuseleko, kwaye yenza ukuba imfumba yokutshaja ifikelele kumgangatho ophezulu wokungagqunywa luthuli kunye nokusebenza kokungangeni kwamanzi kumgangatho wehlabathi wombane we-IP65, ngokuthembeka okuphezulu.Ngaphezu koko, emva kokulahla uyilo olupholileyo lomoya owenziwe ngabalandeli abaninzi, ingxolo yokusebenza kwemfumba yokutshaja epholiswe ngokupheleleyo yolwelo ithotywe kakhulu, ukusuka kwiidecibel ezingama-70 kwimfumba yokutshaja epholileyo ukuya malunga needecibel ezingama-30, ekufutshane nesebe. , ukuphepha imfuno yokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwiindawo zokuhlala kwixesha elidlulileyo.Kwakukho imeko ehlazo yezikhalazo ngenxa yengxolo enkulu ebusuku.
Iindleko zokusebenza eziphantsi kunye nemijikelo emifutshane yeendleko zokubuyisela kwakhona yenye yeengenelo zeemfumba ezipholiswe ngokupheleleyo zolwelo.UZeng Xin uthe iimfumba zokutshaja ezipholileyo zomoya zihlala zingekho ngaphezulu kweminyaka emi-5, kodwa ixesha langoku lokuqeshisa ngokusebenza kwesikhululo sokutshaja ubukhulu becala yiminyaka eyi-8 ukuya kweli-10, okuthetha ukuba ubuncinci utyalo-mali luyafuneka ngexesha lomjikelo wokusebenza. yesikhululo.Buyisela isixhobo sokuqala sokutshaja.Ubomi benkonzo yeemfumba zokutshaja ezipholiswe ngokupheleleyo lulwelo lungaphezulu kweminyaka eli-10.Umzekelo, ubomi boyilo lweemfumba zokutshaja ezipholileyo zikaHuawei zingaphezulu kweminyaka eli-15, ezinokugubungela umjikelo wobomi besikhululo.Ngaphezu koko, xa kuthelekiswa neemfumba zokutshaja usebenzisa iimodyuli ezipholileyo zomoya ezifuna ukuvulwa rhoqo kweekhabhinethi zokususa uthuli kunye nokugcinwa, iimfumba zokutshaja ezipholile ngokupheleleyo zolwelo zifuna ukugungxulwa kuphela emva kokuba uthuli luqokelele kwiradiyetha yangaphandle, ukwenza ukugcinwa kube lula.
Xa zidibene, iindleko zomjikelo wobomi obugcweleyo be-supercharger epholise ngokupheleleyo ulwelo zingaphantsi kunezo zixhobo zokutshaja ezipholileyo zomoya.Ngokusetyenziswa kunye nokukhuthazwa kweemfumba ezihlawulweyo ezipholileyo ngokupheleleyo, izibonelelo zayo ezibanzi zokonga imali ziya kucaca ngakumbi nangakumbi.
03
Imarike inethemba eliqaqambileyo kwaye ukhuphiswano luyatshisa
Enyanisweni, ngokunyuka okuqhubekayo kwisantya sokungena kwezithuthi zamandla amatsha kunye nophuhliso olukhawulezayo lweziseko ezixhasayo ezifana neemfumba zokutshaja, iimfumba zokutshaja ezipholileyo ngokupheleleyo ziye zaba yingqwalasela yokhuphiswano kwishishini.Iinkampani ezininzi zezithuthi zamandla amatsha, iinkampani ezihlawulisa imfumba, iinkampani zobuchwepheshe, njl.njl. sele ziqalisile uphando lobuchwepheshe kunye nophuhliso kunye noyilo lweemfumba zokutshaja ezipholiswe ngokupheleleyo.
I-Tesla yinkampani yokuqala yeemoto kwishishini ukukhupha iimfumba zokutshaja ezipholileyo ngolwelo kwiibhetshi.Iimfumba zayo ze-V3 eziphezulu zokutshaja zithatha uyilo olupholise ngokupheleleyo ulwelo, iimodyuli zokutshaja ezilulwelo olupholileyo kunye nemipu yokutshaja epholileyo.Amandla aphezulu okutshaja umpu omnye ngama-250kW.Kuxelwe ukuba uTesla uthe ngokuthe ngcembe wathumela izikhululo ezintsha ze-V4 ezipholile ngokupheleleyo kwihlabathi liphela ukusukela kulo nyaka uphelileyo.Isikhululo sokuqala sokutshaja iV4 saseAsia saphehlelelwa eHong Kong, eTshayina, ngo-Okthobha kulo nyaka uphelileyo, kwaye kungekudala siza kungena kwimarike yelizwe.Kuxelwe ukuba awona mandla okutshaja awona maqondo aphezulu kule mfumba yokutshaja yi-615kW, elingana nokusebenza kweHuawei kunye neengqumba ze-NIO zokutshaja ezipholileyo.Kubonakala ngathi ukhuphiswano lwemarike yeemfumba zokutshaja ezipholiswe ngokupheleleyo lulwelo luqalile ngokuzolileyo.
Ngokubanzi, ii-supercharger ezipholile ngokupheleleyo zinamandla aphezulu okutshaja, kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kokutshaja kuphuculwe kakhulu, okunokuphelisa ukuxhalaba kwabasebenzisi.Kudliwanondlebe nentatheli evela e-China Automotive News, uthe, nangona kunjalo, okwangoku ii-supercharger ezipholile ngokupheleleyo zolwelo Ukutshaja iimfumba zilinganiselwe kwisikali sesicelo, okukhokelela kwiindleko eziphezulu.Ngaphezu koko, njengoko ukutshaja kwamandla aphezulu kufuna ukwandiswa kolawulo lokhuseleko lwebhetri yamandla kunye nokwandisa iqonga lombane wesithuthi, iindleko nazo ziya kunyuka nge-15% ukuya kwi-20%.Ngokubanzi, uphuhliso lobuchwepheshe bokutshaja obuphezulu bufuna ukuqwalaselwa ngokubanzi kwezinto ezifana nolawulo lokhuseleko lwesithuthi, ukulawulwa ngokuzimeleyo kwezixhobo zombane ophezulu, kunye neendleko.Le yinkqubo yenyathelo ngenyathelo.
"Ixabiso eliphezulu leemfumba zokutshaja ezipholisekileyo ngolwelo ngomnye wemiqobo ebambekayo ethintela ukunyuselwa kwayo kwinqanaba elikhulu."U-Hu Fenglin uthe iindleko zangoku ze-Huawei nganye ye-supercharging imfumba imalunga ne-600,000 ye-yuan.Kweli nqanaba, amashishini amancinci naphakathi abandakanyeka ngokubanzi kwishishini lokubiza Kuphantse kube nzima ukukhuphisana.Nangona kunjalo, kwixesha elide elilindelekileyo lophuhliso, kunye nokwandiswa kwezicelo kunye nokunciphisa iindleko, iingenelo ezininzi zeemfumba ze-liquid-cooled supercharged ngokuthe ngcembe ziya kubonakala.Imfuno engqongqo yabasebenzisi kunye nentengiso yokhuseleko, isantya esiphezulu kunye nokutshaja okukhawulezayo kuya kuzisa indawo ebanzi yophuhliso lweemfumba zokutshaja ezipholiswe ngokupheleleyo.
Ingxelo yophando lwakutsha nje ekhutshwe yi-CICC ibonise ukuba ukutshaja okupholisa ulwelo kuqhuba ukuphuculwa kwekhonkco loshishino, kwaye ubungakanani bemarike yasekhaya kulindeleke ukuba bufikelele malunga ne-9 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan ngo-2026. Iqhutywa ziinkampani zeemoto, iinkampani zamandla, njl. ekuqaleni bekulindeleke ukuba inani lezikhululo zokutshajisa ulwelo-ezipholileyo zasekhaya ziya kufikelela kuma-45,000 ngo-2026.
I-Zeng Xin iphinde yabonisa ukuba kwi-2021, kuya kuba neemodeli ezingaphantsi kwe-10 kwiimarike zasekhaya ezixhasa ukugqithisa;ngo 2023, kuya kubakho ngaphezu 140 imifuziselo ezixhasa overcharging, kwaye kuya kubakho ngaphezulu kwixesha elizayo.Oku akupheleli nje ekuboniseni inyani yesantya esikhawulezileyo somsebenzi wabantu kunye nobomi bokugcwalisa amandla kwizithuthi zamandla amatsha, kodwa ikwabonakalisa intsingiselo yophuhliso lwemfuno yentengiso.Ngenxa yoku, amathemba ophuhliso lweemfumba zokutshaja ezipholise ngokupheleleyo elulwelo ziyathembisa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-15-2024