I-China kunye ne-United States ziye zanciphisa ngokulinganayo iirhafu, kwaye ixesha eliphakamileyo le-odolo egxininisiweyo yokuthunyelwa kumazibuko liya kuza.

Amandla amatsha aseTshayina athumela ngaphandle avula amathuba amatsha: Ukuphuculwa kobudlelwane boqoqosho kunye norhwebo lwe-Sino-US lunceda uphuhliso lwe.isithuthi samandla esitshaishishini.

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Ngomhla we-12 kuMeyi, i-2023, i-China kunye ne-United States bafikelela kwingxelo edibeneyo kwiingxoxo zezoqoqosho kunye nezorhwebo ezazibanjelwe e-Geneva, bathatha isigqibo sokunciphisa kakhulu inqanaba leentlawulo zamazwe amabini. Ezi ndaba azizange zifake amandla amatsha kuphela kubudlelwane borhwebo lwe-Sino-US, kodwa zazisa namathuba amatsha kushishino lwamandla olutsha lwaseTshayina, ngakumbi ukuthunyelwa kweenqwelo zamandla amatsha kumazwe angaphandle.

Njengoko ihlabathi lihlawula ingqalelo engakumbi ekukhuselweni kwendalo kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo, imfuno yemarike yezithuthi zamandla amatsha iyakhula. Njengomvelisi omkhulu wehlabathi wezithuthi zamandla amatsha, iChina yenze inkqubela phambili ebonakalayo kuphando lwetekhnoloji kunye nophuhliso kunye nokwandiswa kweemarike kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Ngokutsho kwedatha evela kwi-China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, ukuthengiswa kwe-China yezithuthi zamandla amatsha kufikelele kwi-6.8 yezigidi kwi-2022, ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka we-96,9%. Phakathi kwazo, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle nako kunyuke kakhulu, kusiba ngamandla abalulekileyo ekukhuthazeni inguqu kunye nokuphuculwa kweshishini leemoto laseTshayina.

Ngokuchasene nemeko ephuculweyo yobudlelwane boqoqosho kunye norhwebo lwe-Sino-US, ithemba lokuthumela ngaphandle kwezithuthi zamandla amatsha eTshayina liya licaca ngakumbi. Thatha iimpawu ezaziwayo-kakuhle ezifanaBYD, I-NIO, kwayeXpeng

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njengemizekelo. Ezi nkampani aziphumelelanga kuphela kwimarike yasekhaya, kodwa ziye zanda ngokukhutheleyo kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe. I-BYD yangena ngempumelelo kwimarike yase-US ngo-2022 kwaye yafikelela kwisivumelwano sentsebenziswano kunye nabathengisi basekhaya ngo-2023, beceba ukusungula inani leemodeli zemoto yombane kwimarike yase-US kwiminyaka embalwa ezayo. I-NIO iqhube kakuhle kwimarike yaseYurophu kwaye iseke uthungelwano lokuthengisa eNorway, eJamani nakwamanye amazwe, kwaye iceba ukwandisa ngakumbi kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu kwixesha elizayo.

Kwangaxeshanye, ngohlengahlengiso lwemigaqo-nkqubo yerhafu phakathi kwe-China ne-United States, iindleko zokuthumela ngaphandle kwezithuthi zamandla amatsha kulindeleke ukuba zehle, nto leyo eya kwandisa ngakumbi ukukhuphisana kweempawu zaseTshayina kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe. Ngokohlalutyo lweengcali zoshishino, ukuncitshiswa kweerhafu kuya kwenza ixabiso leemoto zamandla amatsha aseTshayina kwimarike yase-US ibe nomtsalane ngakumbi, ngaloo ndlela ikhuthaza ukukhula kweentengiso. Ukongeza, njengoko imfuno yezithuthi zombane isanda e-United States, iinkampani zaseTshayina ziya kungenisa amathuba amaninzi entsebenziswano.

Kwintsimi yamandla amatsha, intsebenziswano phakathi kwamashishini aseTshayina kunye namazwe angaphandle nayo iya isiba nzulu. Thatha uTesla njengomzekelo. Umzi-mveliso wakwaTesla waseShanghai eTshayina awuboneleli nje ngeemoto zombane kwimarike yaseTshayina, kodwa uphinde ube yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yekhonkco lokubonelela ngehlabathi. Impumelelo kaTesla ikwakhuthaze amashishini amaninzi aseTshayina ukuba asebenzisane nezigebenga zamazwe ngamazwe ukukhuthaza utshintshiselwano lwetekhnoloji kunye nokutsha.

Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kwenkangeleko enethemba, isithuthi samandla esitsha saseTshayina esithunyelwa ngaphandle sisajongene nemingeni ethile. Okokuqala, ukhuphiswano kwiimarike zamazwe ngamazwe luya lusiba nzima ngakumbi, ngakumbi kwiimpawu zasekhaya eYurophu nase-United States. Okwesibini, imigangatho yobugcisa kunye neemfuno zokuqinisekisa izithuthi zamandla amatsha ziyahluka ukusuka kwilizwe ukuya kwelinye, kwaye iinkampani zaseTshayina kufuneka ziqwalasele ngokupheleleyo ezi zinto ngexesha loyilo lwemveliso kunye nemveliso ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukungena kakuhle kwiimarike ekujoliswe kuzo.

Ukongeza, ukuguquguquka kwikhonkco lokubonelela ngehlabathi kunokuba nefuthe kwimveliso kunye nokuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwezithuthi zamandla amatsha. Kungekudala, ingxaki yokunqongophala kwe-chip yehlabathi ayizange isombululwe ngokusisiseko, ebeke imiqobo ethile ekuveliseni izithuthi zamandla amatsha. Iinkampani zaseTshayina kufuneka zomeleze ukomelela kwazo kulawulo lwekhonkco lokubonelela ukumelana nemingeni enokwenzeka kwixesha elizayo.

Ngokubanzi, ukuphuculwa kobudlelwane boqoqosho kunye norhwebo lwe-Sino-US kuzise amathuba amatsha okuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwezithuthi zamandla amatsha aseTshayina. Ngokukhula kwemfuno yentengiso kunye nokulungiswa kokusingqongileyo komgaqo-nkqubo, iinkampani zezithuthi zamandla amatsha aseTshayina kulindeleke ukuba zenze impumelelo enkulu kwintengiso yezizwe ngezizwe. Kwixesha elizayo, ngenkqubela phambili eqhubekayo yobuchwepheshe kunye nokuqina kwentsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe, ishishini elitsha leenqwelo zamandla eTshayina liya kuzisa indawo ebanzi yophuhliso.

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