Kutshanje, amaqela ahlukeneyo ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe anikele ingqalelo kwimiba enxulumene nomthamo wemveliso yeshishini elitsha lamandla eTshayina. Ngokuphathelene noku, kufuneka sigxininise ekuthatheni imbono yemarike kunye nembono yehlabathi, ukuqala kwimithetho yezoqoqosho, kwaye siyijonge ngokufanelekileyo nangolwimi. Kumxholo wokudityaniswa kwehlabathi kwezoqoqosho, isitshixo ekugwebeni ukuba kukho umthamo ogqithileyo wemveliso kwiinkalo ezinxulumeneyo kuxhomekeke kwimfuno yemalike yehlabathi kunye namandla ophuhliso kwixesha elizayo. Ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kweTshayina kweizithuthi zombane, iibhetri ze-lithium, iimveliso ze-photovoltaic, njl njl. azizange ziphucule ukunikezelwa kwehlabathi kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwexabiso lokunyuka kwamaxabiso ehlabathi, kodwa kwakhona zenza igalelo elikhulu ekuphenduleni kwehlabathi jikelele ekutshintsheni kwemozulu kunye nokuguqulwa kohlaza kunye nekhabhoni ephantsi. Kutshanje, siza kuqhubeka nokutyhala uthotho lwezimvo ngale kholamu ukunceda onke amaqela aqonde ngcono imeko yophuhliso kunye neendlela zoshishino lwamandla amatsha.
Ngo-2023, i-China yathumela ngaphandle kwe-1.203 yezigidi zeemoto zamandla amatsha, ukwanda kwe-77.6% kunonyaka ophelileyo. Amazwe athunyelwa ngaphandle agubungela amazwe angaphezu kwe-180 eYurophu, eAsia, eOceania, eMelika, eAfrika nakweminye imimandla. Iimoto zamandla amatsha aseTshayina zithandwa kakhulu ngabathengi kwihlabathi liphela kwaye zibalwa phakathi kweentengiso eziphezulu kwiimarike zezithuthi zamandla amatsha kumazwe amaninzi. Oku kubonisa ukwanda kokhuphiswano lwamazwe ngamazwe kushishino lwezithuthi zamandla amatsha eTshayina kwaye kubonakalisa ngokuzeleyo iingenelo zokuthelekisa ishishini laseTshayina.
Inzuzo yokhuphiswano lwamazwe ngamazwe yeshishini leemoto elitsha lamandla eTshayina lisukela kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-70 yokusebenza nzima kunye nophuhliso lobuchule obutsha, kunye neenzuzo ezisuka kwikhonkco lemizi-mveliso elipheleleyo kunye nenkqubo yesixokelelwano sobonelelo, iinzuzo zesikali esikhulu semalike kunye nokhuphiswano olwaneleyo lwemalike.
Sebenza nzima kwizakhono zakho zangaphakathi kwaye ufumane amandla ngokuqokelela.Xa sijonga emva kwimbali yophuhliso lweshishini leemoto laseTshayina, i-First Automobile Manufacturing Plant yaqala ukwakhiwa e-Changchun ngo-1953. Ngo-1956, imoto yokuqala yase-China eveliswe ekhaya yaqengqeleka kumgca wokudityaniswa kwi-Changchun First Automobile Manufacturing Plant. Ngo-2009, yaba ngoyena mvelisi weenqwelo-mafutha omkhulu kunye nomthengisi okokuqala. Ngo-2023, ukuveliswa kweemoto kunye nokuthengiswa kuya kudlula i-30 yezigidi zeeyunithi. Ishishini leemoto laseTshayina likhulile ukusuka ekuqaleni, likhule ukusuka kwencinci ukuya kwelikhulu, kwaye beliqhubela phambili ngenkalipho ngamahla ndinyuka. Ingakumbi kule minyaka ili-10 idlulileyo okanye kunjalo, ishishini leemoto laseTshayina liwamkele ngenkuthalo amathuba okufakelwa kombane kunye nenguqu yobukrelekrele, lakhawulezisa inguqu yalo kwizithuthi zamandla amatsha, kwaye lafumana iziphumo ezinkulu kuphuhliso lwemizi-mveliso. Iziphumo eziphawulekayo. Imveliso yezithuthi zamandla amatsha eTshayina kunye neentengiso zibekwe kwindawo yokuqala kwihlabathi iminyaka elithoba ilandelelana. Ngaphezu kwesiqingatha sezithuthi zamandla amatsha ehlabathi ziqhuba eTshayina. Ubuchwephesha bokufakelwa kombane bubonke bukwinqanaba eliphambili kwihlabathi. Zininzi iimpumelelo kwiitekhnoloji ezintsha ezinjengokutshaja okutsha, ukuqhuba ngokufanelekileyo, kunye nokutshaja okunombane ophezulu. I-China eKhokeleyo kwihlabathi ekusebenziseni itekhnoloji yokuqhubela phambili yokuzimela.
Phucula inkqubo kunye nokwandisa i-ikholoji.I-China iye yaqulunqa inkqubo entsha yoshishino lwezithuthi zamandla, kubandakanywa kungekuphela nje imveliso yamalungu kunye nonikezelo lwenethiwekhi yezithuthi zemveli, kodwa kunye nenkqubo yokubonelela ngeebhetri, ulawulo lwe-elektroniki, iinkqubo zombane zombane, iimveliso zombane kunye nesofthiwe yezithuthi zamandla amatsha, ngokunjalo. njengokutshaja kunye nokutshintshwa. Iinkqubo ezixhasayo ezifana nombane kunye nokuphinda kusetyenziswe ibhetri. Ufakelo lwebhetri yamandla esithuthi esitsha saseTshayina senza ngaphezu kwe-60% yetotali yehlabathi. Iinkampani ezintandathu zebhetri zamandla ezibandakanya i-CATL kunye ne-BYD zingene kwishumi eliphezulu kufakelo lwebhetri lwamandla ehlabathi; izixhobo eziphambili zeebhetri zamandla ezifana ne-electrode evumayo, i-electrode engakhiyo, izahluli, kunye ne-electrolytes Ukuthunyelwa kwehlabathi jikelele kubalelwa ngaphezu kwama-70%; Ukuqhuba kombane kunye neenkampani zokulawula i-elektroniki ezifana ne-Verdi Power zikhokela ihlabathi ngobukhulu bemarike; inani lesoftware kunye neenkampani zehardware eziphuhlisa kwaye zenze iitshiphusi eziphezulu kunye neenkqubo zokuqhuba ezikrelekrele zikhulile; I-China yakhe izibonelelo zokutshaja ezingaphezulu kwe-9 yezigidi Kukho ngaphezu kwe-14,000 yeenkampani zokuphinda zisetyenziswe iibhetri zamandla e-Taiwan, ezibekwe kwindawo yokuqala emhlabeni ngokomlinganiselo.
Ukhuphiswano olulinganayo, ukusungula izinto ezintsha kunye nokuphindaphinda.Imarike yezithuthi zamandla amatsha yaseTshayina inomlinganiselo omkhulu kunye namandla okukhula, ukhuphiswano lwemarike olwaneleyo, kunye nokwamkelwa kwabathengi okuphezulu kobuchwepheshe obutsha, ibonelela ngemeko yentengiso elungileyo yokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kokufakelwa kombane kwezithuthi zamandla kunye nobuchwephesha obukrelekrele kunye nokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kokhuphiswano lwemveliso. Ngo-2023, imveliso entsha yemoto yaseTshayina kunye nentengiso iya kuba yi-9.587 yezigidi kunye ne-9.495 yezigidi zeeyunithi, ukwanda kwe-35.8% kunye ne-37.9% ngokulandelanayo. Izinga lokungena kwintengiso liya kufikelela kwi-31.6%, libalelwa ngaphezu kwe-60% yeentengiso zehlabathi; Izithuthi zamandla amatsha eziveliswe kwilizwe lam zikwimalike yasekhaya Malunga ne-8.3 yezigidi zeemoto ezithengisiweyo, ezibalelwa ngaphezulu kwe-85%. I-China yeyona ndawo inkulu yentengiso yeemoto kwihlabathi kwaye yeyona ndawo ivulelekileyo yentengiso yeemoto kwihlabathi. Iinkampani zezithuthi zezizwe ngezizwe kunye neenkampani zemoto zaseTshayina zalapha ekhaya zikhuphisana kwinqanaba elifanayo kwimarike yaseTshayina, zikhuphisana ngokufanelekileyo nangokupheleleyo, kwaye zikhuthaza uhlaziyo olukhawulezayo nolusebenzayo lobuchwepheshe bemveliso. Kwangaxeshanye, abathengi baseTshayina banokuqatshelwa okuphezulu kunye nemfuno yombane kunye nobuchwepheshe obukrelekrele. Idatha yophando evela kwiZiko leSizwe leNgcaciso ibonisa ukuba i-49.5% yabathengi bezithuthi zamandla amatsha banenkxalabo malunga nokufakelwa kombane njengoluhlu lokuhamba, iimpawu zebhetri kunye nexesha lokuhlawula xa kuthengwa imoto. Ukusebenza, i-90.7% yabathengi bezithuthi zamandla amatsha bathi imisebenzi yobukrelekrele efana ne-Intanethi yeZithuthi kunye nokuqhuba ngobuchule zizinto ekuthengeni kwabo iimoto.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-18-2024